This page was generated using an imperfect translator. Text may be poorly positioned and mathematics will be barely readable. Illustrations will not show at all. If possible, view the PostScript or PDF versions of these notes.
FR-1 Exam Review *
* FR-1
Test Conditions
Closed Book, Closed Notes
May use 216 mm 280 mm note sheet, eyes only.
Calculator allowed.
No electronic organizers, PDAs, computers, or other devices : : :
: : :that can store significant amounts of text.
Test Format and Topics
Duration, 120 minutes, this room, Friday 7 May 1999.
Exam time 10:00-12:00 (noon).
Three problems and one set of short-answer questions.
Comprehensive.
FR-1 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from lsl*
*ifr. FR-1
FR-2 *
* FR-2
How to Allocate Study Time:
10% How an OS works.
15% How interrupts work.
25% Solve timing problems.
25% Working on conditioning problems.
10% How transducers and sensors work.
15% Miscellaneous.
How To Prepare
Study material.
If necessary, re-solve this semester's homework assignments.
Solve_ past homework and exam problems.
N.B., solving a problem is_not_the same as memorizing a solution.
FR-2 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from lsl*
*ifr. FR-2
FR-3 *
* FR-3
This Review:
- Overview of Real Time Systems
- Conditioning Problems
- Sensors, Transducers, and Physical Quantities
- Circuits
- Error
- OS Overview
- Task Scheduling
- Interrupt Mechanism
- Interrupt Timing
- Priority Assignment
- Schedulability Tests
- Resource Blocking and Deadlock
FR-3 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from lsl*
*ifr. FR-3
FR-4 Overview of Real Time Systems *
* FR-4
Parts of RTS
Sensor, Actuator, Process, Computer
Know how each part fits into whole system.
Know how RT computer hardware and software : : :
: : :are different than general purpose computer and software.
Challenges in Building a RTS
Specification, testing, evaluating reliability.
FR-4 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from lsl*
*ifr. FR-4
FR-5 Typical Problem *
* FR-5
Purpose: convert a process variable value : : :
: : :into an electrical or information quantity.
Solution to Typical Problem:
- Identify what is given and what output is needed.
Be sure to identify what form output is needed in: : : :
: : :voltage, current, number written in a computer memory, etc.
- Choose transducer (or use one specified) : : :
: : :to convert process variable to a raw electrical quantity.
- Choose analog-to-digital converter, if necessary.
- Design conditioning circuit : : :
: : :to convert raw electrical quantity : : :
: : :to a form suitable for an analog-to-digital converter : : :
: : :or to the form requested in the problem statement : : :
: : :or to whatever form is specified in the problem.
- Design interface routine.
Interface routine must account for:
Transducer Response
FR-5 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from lsl*
*ifr. FR-5
FR-6 *
* FR-6
Conditioning Circuit Response
Analog to Digital Conversion
: : :and : : :
The Desired Output
Each problem has its own constraints : : :
: : :those constraints must be identified : : :
: : :and the circuit designed accordingly.
FR-6 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from lsl*
*ifr. FR-6
FR-7 Transducers and Sensors *
* FR-7
For every sensor and transducer:
- Be able to explain how it works.
- Know its strengths and weaknesses : : :
: : :relative to other sensors measuring same physical quantity.
- Understand the units in which the process variable is measured.
If a model function was presented in class:
- Know which conditioning circuit(s) to use.
FR-7 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from lsl*
*ifr. FR-7
FR-8 Temperature Transducers *
* FR-8
Temperature Definition
Know definition of thermodynamic and practical scales.
Thermistor
Know how to derive linear model from model function.
Know how to use linearization circuit (shunt resistor).
RTD
Know how to use three-wire bridge connection.
Thermocouple
Know how to use tables.
Know how to use isothermal block.
Integrated Temperature Sensor
Engineer-friendliness.
FR-8 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from lsl*
*ifr. FR-8
FR-9 *
* FR-9
Light Sensors
Units
Definition of different quantities, e.g., irradiance.
Radiometric v. photometric units.
Know how to convert between quantities under simple situations.
Photodiode, phototransistor.
Vacuum-tube photocell, photomultiplier.
FR-9 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from lsl*
*ifr. FR-9
FR-10 *
* FR-10
Displacement and Proximity Sensors
Potentiometer
LVDT
Capacitive
Coded
Relative v. absolute types.
Know gray/binary conversion.
Reed Switch
Hall Effect
Magnetic Reluctance
Cross-correlation speed sensor.
FR-10 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from l*
*slifr. FR-10
FR-11 *
* FR-11
Strain, Force, and Pressure
Units
Definition of strain, force, and pressure.
Different measures of pressure.
Strain Gauge.
Derivation of gauge factor.
Use in bridge.
Force
Construction of large- and small-displacement sensors.
Pressure
Construction of large-displacement sensors.
Construction of diaphragm sensors.
FR-11 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from l*
*slifr. FR-11
FR-12 *
* FR-12
Flow
Units, etc.
Measures of flow: volumetric, mass, velocity.
Open v. closed conduit.
Fluid v. slurry.
Sensors
Rotation.
Obstruction.
Hot-wire anemometer.
Weir. (Water drop.)
Cross-correlation.
Doppler (sonar).
FR-12 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from l*
*slifr. FR-12
FR-13 *
* FR-13
Chemical
Gas Sensors
Humidity.
Oxygen.
Fluid
Reference electrodes.
Ion concentration.
FR-13 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from l*
*slifr. FR-13
FR-14 Circuits *
* FR-14
Amplifiers
Non-Inverting Amplifier
The Versatile Inverting Amplifier
"Plain" inverting amplifier.
Summing amplifier.
Gain/offset amplifier.
Current-to-voltage converter.
Instrumentation Amplifier
Other Circuits
Wheatstone bridge.
Know how to place complementary pairs in bridge.
Know exact and approximate formulae.
FR-14 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from l*
*slifr. FR-14
FR-15 *
* FR-15
Error
Know definitions of error.
Remember that error is in the process-variable value, not the transducer output.
FR-15 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from l*
*slifr. FR-15
FR-16 *
* FR-16
Operating Systems
Function: resource allocation.
Tasks
Difference between task, program, and executable.
Task Management
Task states.
Context switching.
Scheduling
Scheduling events.
Quantum and preemption.
Scheduling methods.
Performance Measures.
FR-16 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from l*
*slifr. FR-16
FR-17 *
* FR-17
Interrupt Mechanisms
Hardware needed.
Steps in interrupt sequence.
Strong v. weak priority.
Different types of interrupts.
Estimating Latency
One-shot.
Periodic exhaustive.
Periodic statistical.
FR-17 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from l*
*slifr. FR-17
FR-18 *
* FR-18
Priority Assignment and Static Scheduling
Cyclic Executive
Rate Monotonic Scheduling
Schedulability Tests
Locking and Blocking and Deadlocking
Use of resources, need for locking.
Locking protocols.
Timing with resource locking.
Deadlock avoidance.
FR-18 EE 4770 Lecture Transparency. Formatted 9:53, 30 April 1999 from l*
*slifr. FR-18
| David M. Koppelman - koppel@ee.lsu.edu | Modified 30 Apr 1999 9:53 (14:53 UTC) |